Transformational leadership and employee voice for product and process innovation in SMEs

Purpose This study aims to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on innovation small and medium enterprises (SMEs) through employee voice behaviors. Drawing from upper echelon theory, it is hypothesized that mediating mechanism which affects process product in SMEs. Design/methodology/approach Data was collected 169 SMEs Pakistan an online self-administered questionnaire. The proposed hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings confirm positively both behavior mediates between these relationships. Originality/value research contributes theoretical practical domains by providing evidence encouraging employees raise their impacts a potential organizational factor shape innovation. To best knowledge, this first investigates role developing country’s context.